Ni ubuhe bwoko butatu bw'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba?

Sisitemu z'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izubazigenda zikundwa cyane nk'igisubizo cy'ingufu kirambye kandi gihendutse. Hari ubwoko butatu bw'ingenzi bw'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba: zihujwe n'urukuta, zidafite amashanyarazi n'izivanze. Buri bwoko bufite imiterere n'ibyiza byihariye, bityo abaguzi bagomba gusobanukirwa itandukaniro kugira ngo bahitemo uburyo bwiza bujyanye n'ibyo bakeneye byihariye.

Sisitemu z'amashanyarazi zikoresha imirasire y'izuba zihujwe n'urukutani ubwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane kandi buhujwe n'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi wo mu gace ukoreramo. Ubu buryo bukoresha izuba kugira ngo butange amashanyarazi kandi bugasubiza amashanyarazi arenze mu muyoboro w'amashanyarazi, bigatuma ba nyir'amazu babona inguzanyo z'ingufu zirenze zakozwe. Sisitemu zihujwe n'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi ni nziza ku bashaka kugabanya amafaranga yabo y'amashanyarazi no kubyaza umusaruro gahunda zo gupima amashanyarazi zitangwa n'ibigo byinshi by'amashanyarazi. Nanone biroroshye gushyiraho kandi bisaba gusanwa gake, bigatuma biba amahitamo yoroshye ku ba nyir'amazu benshi.

Sisitemu z'amashanyarazi zikoresha imirasire y'izuba zitari ku murongo w'amashanyaraziKu rundi ruhande, byagenewe gukora mu buryo butari ku murongo w’amashanyarazi. Ubusanzwe izi sisitemu zikoreshwa mu turere twa kure aho inzira y’amashanyarazi ari nke cyangwa ntayo ihari. Sisitemu zidafite umurongo w’amashanyarazi zishingira kuriububiko bwa baterikubika ingufu zirenze urugero zitangwa ku manywa kugira ngo zikoreshwe nijoro cyangwa igihe urumuri rw'izuba ruri hasi. Nubwo sisitemu zidafite amashanyarazi zitanga ingufu zigenga kandi zikaba isoko yizewe y'amashanyarazi ahantu kure, bisaba igenamigambi ryitondewe no gupima ingano kugira ngo zishobore guhaza ibyifuzo by'ingufu z'ubutaka.

Sisitemu zikora ingufu z'izuba zivanzeguhuza imiterere ya sisitemu zihujwe n’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi n’izidahujwe n’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi, bitanga ubushobozi bwo gukora ku buryo bworoshye kandi bwigenga. Izi sisitemu zifite ubushobozi bwo kubika batiri zishobora kubika ingufu zirenze urugero kugira ngo zikoreshwe mu gihe habayeho ibura ry’amashanyarazi cyangwa ibura ry’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi. Sisitemu zivanze ni amahitamo akunzwe cyane ku ba nyir'amazu bashaka umutekano w’amashanyarazi y’inyongera mu gihe bakifashisha ibyiza bya sisitemu zihujwe n’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi, nko gupima no kugabanya fagitire z’ingufu.

Mu gihe utekereza ku bwoko bwa sisitemu y'izuba ikubereye, ni ngombwa kuzirikana ibintu nk'aho uherereye, imiterere y'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu, n'ingengo y'imari. Sisitemu zo kuri grid ni amahitamo meza ku bashaka kugabanya amafaranga yabo y'ingufu no kubyaza umusaruro uburyo bwo gupima ingufu, mu gihe sisitemu zitari kuri grid zikwiriye imitungo iri mu turere twa kure tudafite uburyo bwo kugera kuri grid. Sisitemu zivanze zitanga ibyiza kurusha izindi, zitanga ingufu zo kwifashisha mu gihe zishobora kongera ingufu zirenze mu grid.

Muri make, sisitemu z'amashanyarazi zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ziha ba nyir'amazu n'ibigo ingufu zirambye kandi zizewe. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati ya sisitemu zikoresha amashanyarazi ari kuri grid, zikoresha amashanyarazi atari kuri grid, n'izikoresha ikoranabuhanga rivanze ni ingenzi mu gufata icyemezo gisobanutse ku bwoko bw'amashanyarazi bujyanye n'ibyo ukeneye byihariye. Waba ushaka kugabanya fagitire yawe y'amashanyarazi, kuba umuntu udashobora gukoresha ingufu, cyangwa kugira ingufu ziyongera mu gihe cy'ibura ry'amashanyarazi, hari sisitemu y'amashanyarazi ikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ishobora guhaza ibyo ukeneye. Uko ikoranabuhanga ry'izuba rikomeza gutera imbere, ahazaza h'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba nk'igisubizo cy'ingufu zisukuye kandi zinoze ni heza.