Ubuyobozi bwuzuye ku miyoboro ya EV Charging: Itandukaniro riri hagati y'ubwoko bwa 1, ubwoko bwa 2, CCS1, CCS2, na GB/T

Ubwoko bwa 1, Ubwoko bwa 2, CCS1, CCS2, GB/T Connectors: Ibisobanuro birambuye, Itandukaniro, n'Itandukaniro ryo Gusharija AC/DC

Gukoresha ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibihuza ni ngombwa kugira ngo ingufu zikwirakwizwe neza kandi mu buryo bwizewe hagati y'ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi nasitasiyo zo gusharijaUbwoko busanzwe bw'amakuru akoreshwa mu gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi (EV Charger) burimo ubwoko bwa 1, ubwoko bwa 2, CCS1, CCS2 na GB/T. Buri makuru afite imiterere yayo kugira ngo yuzuze ibisabwa n'ubwoko butandukanye bw'imodoka n'uturere. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati y'ibiIbikoresho byo gushyiramo ingufu kuri sitasiyo yo gusharija amashanyarazini ingenzi mu guhitamo charger ya EV ikwiye. Izi connectors zo gushyushya ntabwo zitandukanye gusa mu miterere n'ikoreshwa ry'uturere, ahubwo zitandukaniye no mu bushobozi bwazo bwo gutanga alternating current (AC) cyangwa direct current (DC), ibyo bizagira ingaruka ku muvuduko no mu mikorere myiza yo gushyushya. Kubwibyo, mu gihe uhisemo chargerShajari y'imodoka, ugomba guhitamo ubwoko bukwiye bw'umuyoboro ushingiye kuri moderi ya EV yawe n'umuyoboro wo gusharija mu karere utuyemo.

1. Ubwoko bwa 1 bwo guhuza (Gusharija AC)
Ibisobanuro:Ubwoko bwa 1, buzwi kandi nka SAE J1772 connector, bukoreshwa mu gusharija AC kandi buboneka cyane cyane muri Amerika ya Ruguru no mu Buyapani.
Igishushanyo:Ubwoko bwa 1 ni icyuma gihuza amapine 5 cyagenewe gusarija AC mu buryo bumwe, gishyigikira kugeza kuri 240V hamwe n'umuvuduko ntarengwa wa 80A. Gishobora gusa gutanga ingufu za AC ku modoka.
Ubwoko bwo gusharija: Gusharija AC: Ubwoko bwa 1 butanga ingufu za AC ku modoka, zigahindurwa DC n'icyuma gitanga charger. Gutanga AC muri rusange bigenda buhoro ugereranije no gutanga charger yihuta ya DC.
Ikoreshwa:Amerika ya Ruguru n'Ubuyapani: Imodoka nyinshi zikoresha amashanyarazi zakorewe muri Amerika n'iz'Ubuyapani, nka Chevrolet, Nissan Leaf, n'izindi modoka za kera za Tesla, zikoresha ubwoko bwa 1 mu gusharija AC.
Umuvuduko wo gusharija:Umuvuduko wo gusharija ugenda buhoro cyane, bitewe n'aho charger y'imodoka iri n'ingufu zihari. Ubusanzwe charger iri ku rwego rwa 1 (120V) cyangwa ku rwego rwa 2 (240V).

2. Ubwoko bwa 2 bwo guhuza (Gusharija AC)
Ibisobanuro:Ubwoko bwa 2 ni bwo busanzwe bw’i Burayi bwo gushyushya amashanyarazi ya AC, kandi ni bwo buhuza bukoreshwa cyane ku modoka za EV mu Burayi ndetse no mu bindi bice by’isi.
Igishushanyo:Iyi konvoteri y'ubwoko bwa 2 ifite imigozi irindwi ishyigikira gusharija kwa AC mu buryo bumwe (kugeza kuri 230V) ndetse no mu buryo butatu (kugeza kuri 400V), ibyo bikaba bituma umuvuduko wo gusharija wihuta ugereranije n'ubwoko bwa 1.
Ubwoko bwo gusharija:Gushaja AC: Ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa 2 nabyo bitanga ingufu za AC, ariko bitandukanye n'ubwoko bwa 1, ubwoko bwa 2 bushyigikira AC y'ibice bitatu, ituma umuvuduko wo gushaja wiyongera. Ingufu ziracyahindurwa DC n'icyuma gishajara imodoka kiri mu modoka.
Ikoreshwa: Uburayi:Inyinshi mu nganda zikora imodoka zo mu Burayi, harimo BMW, Audi, Volkswagen, na Renault, zikoresha ubwoko bwa 2 mu gusharija AC.
Umuvuduko wo gusharija:Yihuta kurusha Ubwoko bwa 1: Imashini zo gushyushya zo mu bwoko bwa 2 zishobora gutanga umuvuduko wo gushyushya vuba, cyane cyane iyo zikoresha AC y'icyiciro cya gatatu, itanga imbaraga nyinshi kurusha AC y'icyiciro kimwe.

3. CCS1 (Sisitemu yo Gusharija Ihuriweho 1) –Gusharija AC na DC
Ibisobanuro:CCS1 ni igipimo ngenderwaho cyo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru cyo gushyushya DC vuba. Yubatse ku muhuza wa Type 1 wongeraho izindi pin ebyiri za DC zo gushyushya DC vuba cyane.
Igishushanyo:Umuhuza wa CCS1 uhuza umuhuza wa Type 1 (wo gushyushya AC) n'izindi pin ebyiri za DC (zo gushyushya DC vuba). Ushyigikira AC (Urwego rwa 1 n'Urwego rwa 2) ndetse no gushyushya DC vuba.
Ubwoko bwo gusharija:Gushaja AC: Ikoresha Ubwoko bwa 1 mu gushaja AC.
Gushyushya vuba DC:Izi pin ebyiri z'inyongera zitanga ingufu za DC kuri batiri y'imodoka, zinyura kuri charger iri mu modoka kandi zigatanga charger yihuta cyane.
Ikoreshwa: Amerika ya Ruguru:Ikoreshwa cyane n'abakora imodoka bo muri Amerika nka Ford, Chevrolet, BMW, na Tesla (binyuze kuri adaptateri y'imodoka za Tesla).
Umuvuduko wo gusharija:Gusharija DC vuba: CCS1 ishobora gutanga amashanyarazi agera kuri 500A DC, bigatuma umuvuduko wo gusharija ugera kuri 350 kW rimwe na rimwe. Ibi bituma amashanyarazi ya EV ashobora gusharija kugeza kuri 80% mu minota 30.
Umuvuduko wo gusharija wa AC:Gukoresha AC charger kuri CCS1 (ukoresheje ubwoko bwa 1) bingana n'umuvuduko usanzwe wa connector ya 1.

4. CCS2 (Sisitemu yo Gusharija Ihuriweho 2) – Gusharija AC na DC
Ibisobanuro:CCS2 ni igipimo cy’i Burayi cyo gushyushya DC vuba, gishingiye ku muhuza wo mu bwoko bwa 2. Yongeraho izindi pin ebyiri za DC kugira ngo ishobore gushyushya DC vuba cyane.
Igishushanyo:Umuhuza wa CCS2 uhuza umuhuza wa Type 2 (wo gushyushya AC) n'izindi DC pin ebyiri zo kongeramo DC kugira ngo DC yihutishe vuba.
Ubwoko bwo gusharija:Gushaja AC: Kimwe n'ubwoko bwa 2, CCS2 ishyigikira gushaja AC mu byiciro bimwe na bitatu, bigatuma ishaja yihuta ugereranije n'ubwoko bwa 1.
Gushyushya vuba DC:Izindi pin za DC zemerera gutanga ingufu za DC kuri batiri y'imodoka, bigatuma ibasha gusharija vuba cyane kuruta AC charger.
Ikoreshwa: Uburayi:Inyinshi mu nganda zikora imodoka zo mu Burayi nka BMW, Volkswagen, Audi, na Porsche zikoresha CCS2 mu gusharija vuba DC.
Umuvuduko wo gusharija:Gusharija vuba DC: CCS2 ishobora gutanga ingufu zigera kuri 500A DC, bigatuma imodoka zishobora gusharija ku muvuduko wa 350 kW. Mu by'ukuri, imodoka nyinshi zisharija kuva kuri 0% kugeza kuri 80% mu minota 30 zikoresheje sharija ya CCS2 DC.
Umuvuduko wo gusharija wa AC:Gusharija AC hamwe na CCS2 bisa n'ubwoko bwa 2, bitanga AC y'icyiciro kimwe cyangwa itatu bitewe n'aho amashanyarazi aturuka.

5. Umuhuza wa GB/T (Gusharija AC na DC)
Ibisobanuro:Umuhuza wa GB/T ni igipimo ngenderwaho cy’Abashinwa cyo gushyushya amashanyarazi, gikoreshwa mu gushyushya amashanyarazi ya AC na DC mu Bushinwa.
Igishushanyo:Umuhuza wa GB/T AC: Umuhuza wa pin 5, usa n'uwa Type 1, ukoreshwa mu gushyushya AC.
Umuhuza wa GB/T DC:Umuhuza w'amapine 7, ukoreshwa mu gusharija vuba kwa DC, imikorere isa na CCS1/CCS2 ariko ifite imiterere itandukanye ya pin.
Ubwoko bwo gusharija:Gushaja AC: Umuhuza wa GB/T AC ukoreshwa mu gushaja AC mu buryo bumwe, kimwe n'ubwoko bwa 1 ariko ufite itandukaniro mu miterere y'agapira.
Gushyushya vuba DC:Umuhuza wa GB/T DC utanga umuriro wa DC kuri batiri y'imodoka kugira ngo ishyure vuba, unyuze ku muyoboro ushyushya.
Ikoreshwa: Ubushinwa:Igipimo cya GB/T gikoreshwa gusa ku modoka zitwara amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa, nk'izituruka muri BYD, NIO, na Geely.
Umuvuduko wo gusharija: Gushyushya vuba bya DC: GB/T ishobora gushyigikira kugeza kuri 250A DC, itanga umuvuduko wo gusharija vuba (nubwo muri rusange idakurura cyane nka CCS2, ishobora kugera kuri 500A).
Umuvuduko wo gusharija wa AC:Kimwe n'ubwoko bwa 1, itanga charger ya AC y'icyiciro kimwe ku muvuduko muto ugereranije n'ubwoko bwa 2.

Incamake y'igereranya:

Gushyushya AC na DC: Itandukaniro ry'ingenzi

Umwanzuro:

Guhitamo umuhuza ukwiye wo gusharija biterwa ahanini n'akarere urimo n'ubwoko bw'imodoka ikoresha amashanyarazi utunze. Ubwoko bwa 2 na CCS2 ni byo bipimo bigezweho kandi byemewe cyane mu Burayi, mu gihe CCS1 ari yo igaragara cyane muri Amerika ya Ruguru. GB/T ni umwihariko w'Ubushinwa kandi itanga inyungu zayo ku isoko ry'imbere mu gihugu. Uko ibikorwa remezo bya EV bikomeje kwaguka ku isi, gusobanukirwa izi muhuza bizagufasha guhitamo umuhuza ukwiye ujyanye n'ibyo ukeneye.

Twandikire kugira ngo umenye byinshi ku bijyanye na sitasiyo nshya yo gushyushya imodoka zikoresha ingufu