Bitewe n’iterambere riri kwiyongera mu nganda nshya zikoresha ingufu, DC charger pile, nk'igikoresho cy'ingenzi cyo gusharija vuba imodoka zikoresha ingufu, igenda ifata umwanya ukomeye ku isoko, kandiBeiHai Imbaraga(Ubushinwa), nk'umwe mu bagize urwego rushya rw'ingufu, nabwo butanga umusanzu ukomeye mu kwamamaza no guteza imbere ingufu nshya. Muri iyi nkuru, turasobanura neza imiterere y'ingufu za DC mu bijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa, amahame y'imikorere, imbaraga zo gushyushya, imiterere y'ibyiciro, uburyo bwo kuzikoresha n'imiterere yazo.
Ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga
Ikirundo cyo gusharija cya DC (cyitwa DC charger pile) gikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ry’amashanyarazi, kandi igice cyacyo kiri mu cyuma cy’imbere. Igice cy’imbere cy’iki cyuma ni inverter y’imbere, ishobora guhindura neza ingufu za AC ziva ku muyoboro w’amashanyarazi zikajya muri DC energy hanyuma ikayishyira muri bateri y’imodoka y’amashanyarazi kugira ngo isharije. Ubu buryo bwo guhindura bukorerwa imbere mu cyuma cyo gusharija, birinda ko inverter ya EV iri mu cyuma itakaza ingufu, ibyo bikaba byongera cyane imikorere myiza yo gusharija. Byongeye kandi, icyumba cyo gusharija cya DC gifite sisitemu y’ubwenge igenzura ihindura mu buryo bwikora umuriro w’amashanyarazi n’amashanyarazi bitewe n’uko bateri ihagaze mu gihe nyacyo, bigatuma habaho uburyo bwo gusharija mu buryo bwizewe kandi bunoze.
Ihame ry'imikorere
Ihame ry'imikorere y'ikirundo cyo gusharija cya DC rikubiyemo ahanini ibintu bitatu: guhindura ingufu, kugenzura ubushyuhe n'imicungire y'itumanaho:
Guhindura ingufu:Ikirundo cyo gusharija cya DC kigomba mbere na mbere guhindura ingufu za AC muri DC, ibyo bikaba bikorwa na rectifier y'imbere. Rectifier ikunze gukoresha circuit ya bridge rectifier, igizwe na diode enye, kandi ishobora guhindura igice cya negative na positive by'imbaraga za AC mo DC.
Igenzura ry'ubu:Imashini zitanga amashanyarazi za DC zigomba kugenzura umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi kugira ngo zirebe neza umutekano n’imikorere myiza y’uburyo bwo gutanga amashanyarazi. Igenzura ry’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi rikorwa n’icyuma gitanga amashanyarazi kiri mu gice cyo gutanga amashanyarazi, gishobora guhindura ingano y’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi bitewe n’ibikenewe n’ubushobozi bw’ikigega cyo gutanga amashanyarazi.
Imicungire y'itumanaho:Imigozi yo gusharija ya DC ubusanzwe ifite inshingano yo kuvugana n'ikinyabiziga gikoresha amashanyarazi kugira ngo igenzure kandi ikurikirane uburyo bwo gusharija. Ubuyobozi bw'itumanaho bukorwa binyuze muri module y'itumanaho iri mu mugozi wo gusharija, ishobora gukora itumanaho ry'impande ebyiri n'ikinyabiziga gikoresha amashanyarazi, harimo kohereza amabwiriza yo gusharija kuva mu mugozi wo gusharija ku kinyabiziga gikoresha amashanyarazi no kwakira amakuru y'uko ikinyabiziga gikoresha amashanyarazi gihagaze.
Ingufu zo gusharija
Imigozi yo gushyushya DC izwiho ubushobozi bwo gushyushya ingufu nyinshi. Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwaAmasharubu ya DCku isoko, harimo 40kW, 60kW, 120kW, 160kW ndetse na 240kW. Izi shajara zikoresha ingufu nyinshi zishobora kongera kuzuza imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi vuba mu gihe gito, bigabanya cyane igihe cyo gusharija. Urugero, icyuma gitanga ingufu cya DC gifite imbaraga za 100kW gishobora, mu gihe cyiza, gushyushya bateri y'imodoka ikoresha amashanyarazi kugeza ku bushobozi bwayo bwose mu gihe kingana n'igice cy'isaha kugeza ku isaha. Ikoranabuhanga ryo kongera gusharija rikongera imbaraga zo gusharija zigera kuri 200kW, birushaho kugabanya igihe cyo gusharija kandi bikanorohereza cyane abakoresha imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.
Ishyirwa mu byiciro n'imiterere
Imigozi yo gushyushya ya DC ishobora gushyirwa mu byiciro bitandukanye, nk'ingano y'ingufu, umubare w'imbunda zo gushyushya, imiterere y'imiterere n'uburyo bwo kuyishyiraho.
Imiterere y'ikirundo cyo kwishyuza:Imirongo yo gushyushya ya DC ishobora gushyirwa mu byiciro bibiri: imirongo yo gushyushya ya DC n'imirongo yo gushyushya ya DC igabanyijemo ibice.
Ibipimo ngenderwaho by'ikigo cyo gusharija:ishobora kugabanywamo ibipimo ngenderwaho by'Abashinwa:GB/T; Ibipimo ngenderwaho by'i Burayi: IEC (Komisiyo Mpuzamahanga ya Tekiniki y'Ibyuma); Ibipimo ngenderwaho bya Amerika: SAE (Umuryango w'Abahanga mu by'Imodoka bo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika); Ibipimo ngenderwaho by'Abayapani: CHAdeMO (Ubuyapani).
Ibyiciro by'imbunda zisharija:hakurikijwe umubare w'imbunda zishajara, ikirundo cyo gushajara gishobora kugabanywamo imbunda imwe, imbunda ebyiri, imbunda eshatu, kandi gishobora no guhindurwa hakurikijwe icyifuzo nyacyo.
Imiterere y'imbere y'inkingi yo gusharija:Igice cy'amashanyarazi cyaAho bashyira charger kuri DCigizwe n'uruziga rw'ibanze n'uruziga rw'inyongera. Ingufu z'uruziga rw'ibanze ni imbaraga za AC z'ibice bitatu, zihindurwamo ingufu za DC zemerwa na bateri na module yo gusharija (module yo gusharija) nyuma yo gushyiramo icyuma gica amashanyarazi na AC smart meter, hanyuma zigahuzwa na fuse na charger bun kugira ngo zishyushye imodoka y'amashanyarazi. Uruziga rw'inyongera rugizwe n'icyuma gipima amashanyarazi, igikoresho cyo gusoma ikarita, ecran yo kwerekana, DC meter, nibindi. Itanga uburyo bwo kugenzura no guhagarika gutangira no guhagarara byihutirwa, ndetse n'ibikoresho byo guhuza abantu n'imashini nka urumuri rw'ikimenyetso na ecran yo kwerekana.
Imikoreshereze
Ibirundo byo gusharija bya DCzikoreshwa cyane ahantu hatandukanye hakenera kongeramo amashanyarazi vuba bitewe n’imiterere yazo yo gusharija vuba. Mu rwego rwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, nko mu mabisi yo mu mujyi, tagisi n’izindi modoka zitwara abantu benshi, DC charger pile itanga igisubizo cyizewe cyo gusharija vuba. Mu duce twa serivisi zo mu muhanda, mu maduka manini, parikingi z’imodoka rusange n’ahandi hantu hahurira abantu benshi, DC charger piles nazo zitanga serivisi zoroshye zo gusharija ku bakoresha imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi. Byongeye kandi, DC charger piles zikunze gushyirwa ahantu hihariye nko muri pariki z’inganda na pariki z’ibikoresho kugira ngo zihuze n’ibyo imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zikeneye muri pariki. Kubera ko imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu zigezweho, uturere two guturamo na two twatangiye gushyira DC charger piles kugira ngo tworohereze imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi z’abaturage.
Ibiranga
Umusaruro n'umuvuduko mwinshi: Guhindura ingufu z'ikirundo cya DC charger birangirira mu kirundo, birinda gutakaza inverter iri mu bwato kandi bigatuma charger irushaho kuba nziza. Muri icyo gihe, ubushobozi bwo charger bwinshi butuma imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zisharishwa vuba mu gihe gito.
Bikoreshwa cyane: Imigozi yo gushyushya DC ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye, harimo gutwara abantu benshi, sitasiyo zihariye, ahantu hahurira abantu benshi n'abaturage batuye, n'ibindi, kugira ngo ihuze n'ibyo abakoresha batandukanye bakeneye gushyushya.
Ifite ubwenge kandi ifite umutekano: Ibikoresho byo gusharija bya DC bifite sisitemu yo kugenzura ikoresheje ubwenge bishobora gukurikirana imiterere ya bateri mu gihe nyacyo no guhindura ibipimo byo gusharija mu buryo bwikora kugira ngo birebe ko inzira yo gusharija ihora imeze neza kandi ihamye.
Guteza imbere iterambere ry'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu: ikoreshwa rya DC charger pile ritanga inkunga ikomeye ku gukundwa kw'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu kandi rigateza imbere iterambere ryihuse ry'inganda zikoresha ingufu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-17-2024
