–Niba ushaka gusharija byihuse imodoka yawe ikoresha amashanyarazi, ntushobora gukora amakosa ukoresheje ikoranabuhanga rikoresha ingufu nyinshi kandi rikoresha ingufu nyinshi mu gusharija imiyoboro.

Ikoranabuhanga ry'amashanyarazi menshi n'amashanyarazi menshi

Uko urwego rugenda rwiyongera buhoro buhoro, hari imbogamizi nko kugabanya igihe cyo gushyushya no kugabanya ikiguzi cyo gutunga, kandi inshingano ya mbere ni ugutunganya ingano ya module kugira ngo habeho kuvugurura ingufu. Kubera ko imbaraga zaikirundo cyo gusharijaahanini biterwa n’aho module yo gushyushya ishyirwa, kandi bigabanywa n’ingano y’ibicuruzwa, umwanya wo hasi n’ikiguzi cyo kubitunganya, kongera umubare w’amamode ntabwo bikiri igisubizo cyiza. Kubwibyo, uburyo bwo kongera imbaraga za module imwe nta kongeramo ingano y’inyongera byabaye ikibazo cya tekiniki ku buryoabakora module zo gusharijagukenera gutsinda byihutirwa.

Ibikoresho byo gusharija bya DCigera ku bushobozi bwiza bwo gusharija vuba binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga rikoresha ingufu nyinshi n’amashanyarazi menshi. Bitewe no kwiyongera buhoro buhoro k’amashanyarazi n’ingufu, ibi bitanga ibisabwa bikomeye kugira ngo module yo gusharija ikore neza, ikore neza kandi ihindure neza imikorere yayo, ibyo bikaba nta gushidikanya ko bishyiraho imbogamizi zikomeye mu bya tekiniki ku bakora module zo gusharija.

Mu gihe isoko risaba cyane gusharija vuba cyane, abakora module zo gusharija bagomba gukomeza guhanga udushya no kuvugurura ikoranabuhanga ryihariye no kubaka inzitizi zabo bwite za tekiniki. Ibi bizaba urufunguzo rw'irushanwa ry'isoko mu gihe kizaza, gusa binyuze mu kumenya ikoranabuhanga ry'ibanze, kugira ngo batazatsindwa mu irushanwa rikomeye ry'isoko.

1) Inzira y'amashanyarazi menshi: urwego rwo kuzamura ni ruto, kandi ibisabwa mu gucunga ubushyuhe biri hejuru. Dukurikije itegeko rya Joule (formula Q=I2Rt), kwiyongera k'amashanyarazi byongera cyane ubushyuhe mu gihe cyo gushyushya, bifite ibisabwa byinshi mu gushyushya ubushyuhe, nk'igisubizo cya Tesla cyo gushyushya ubushyuhe bwinshi, aho V3 supercharging pile ifite imbaraga zirenga 600A, isaba insinga nini, kandi icyarimwe, ifite ibisabwa byinshi mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gushyushya ubushyuhe, kandi ishobora kugera gusa ku mbaraga ntarengwa zo gushyushya zigera kuri 250kW muri 5%-27% SOC, kandi chargeur nziza ntiziri mu bwiherero. Kuri ubu, abakora imodoka zo mu ngo ntibarakora impinduka zikomeye mu buryo bwo gushyushya ubushyuhe, kandiimiyoboro yo gusharija umuriro mwinshikwishingikiriza cyane kuri sisitemu ziyubakiye, bigatuma habaho ikiguzi kinini cyo kwamamaza.

2) Uburyo bwa voltage nyinshi: Ni uburyo bukunze gukoreshwa n'abakora imodoka, bushobora kwita ku byiza byo kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu, kunoza ubuzima bwa batiri, kugabanya uburemere, no kuzigama umwanya. Kuri ubu, bugengwa n'ubushobozi bwa voltage bwo kwihanganira bw'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bya IGBT bishingiye kuri silicon, igisubizo cyo gusharija vuba gikunze gukoreshwa n'ibigo by'imodoka ni urubuga rwa voltage nyinshi rwa 400V, ni ukuvuga, ingufu zo gusharija za 100kW zishobora kugerwaho hakoreshejwe ingufu za 250A (ingufu za 100kW zishobora gusharija mu gihe cy'iminota 10 mu gihe cya kilometero 100). Kuva aho urubuga rwa Porsche rwa 800V rutangiriye (rugera ku ngufu za 300KW no kugabanya igice cy'insinga z'amashanyarazi menshi), ibigo bikomeye by'imodoka byatangiye gukora ubushakashatsi no gushyiraho urubuga rwa voltage nyinshi rwa 800V. Ugereranyije na urubuga rwa 400V, urubuga rwa voltage rwa 800V rufite ingufu ntoya, zigabanye ingano y'insinga z'amashanyarazi, zigabanye igihombo cy'imbere mu nsinga, kandi zikongera ubucucike bw'ingufu n'ubushobozi bw'ingufu mu buryo bwihishe.

Kugeza ubu, ingano y'amashanyarazi ahoraho asohoka muri module ya 40kW isanzwe mu nganda ni 300Vdc ~ 1000Vdc, ibi bikaba bihuye n'ibikenewe mu gusharija imodoka zitwara abagenzi za 400V ubu, bisi za 750V n'imodoka zitwara 800V-1000V zizaza zifite voltage nyinshi; ingano y'amashanyarazi asohoka muri module ya 40kW ya Infineon, Telai na Shenghong ishobora kugera kuri 50Vdc ~ 1000Vdc, bitewe n'ibikenewe mu gusharija imodoka zifite voltage nke. Ku bijyanye n'imikorere myiza ya module, module za 40kW zifite ingufu nyinshi zoBeiHai Imbaragakoresha ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bya SIC, kandi imikorere myiza ishobora kugera kuri 97%, biruta impuzandengo y'inganda.