Ingufu zikomoka kuri photovoltaic y'izuba (PV) ni inzira ikoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba kugira ngo ihindure ingufu z'urumuri mo amashanyarazi. Ishingiye ku ngaruka za photovoltaic, hakoreshejwe utunyangingo twa photovoltaic cyangwa module za photovoltaic kugira ngo ihindure urumuri rw'izuba mo amashanyarazi ataziguye (DC), hanyuma igahindurwamo amashanyarazi asimburana (AC) hakoreshejwe inverter hanyuma igashyirwa muri sisitemu y'amashanyarazi cyangwa igakoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi ataziguye.
Muri zo, uturemangingo twa photovoltaic ni ingenzi mu gutanga ingufu za photovoltaic zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba kandi akenshi tuba tugizwe n'ibikoresho bya semiconductor (urugero: silikoni). Iyo izuba riguye ku turemangingo twa PV, ingufu za photon zitera electron mu bikoresho bya semiconductor, zigatanga umuriro w'amashanyarazi. Uyu muyoboro unyura mu muyoboro uhujwe na semiconductor ya PV kandi ushobora gukoreshwa mu gutanga ingufu cyangwa kubika.
Kuri ubu kubera ko ikiguzi cy'ikoranabuhanga rya photovoltaic rikoresha imirasire y'izuba gikomeje kugabanuka, cyane cyane igiciro cya modules za photovoltaic. Ibi byagabanyije ikiguzi cy'ishoramari rya sisitemu z'ingufu zikoresha imirasire y'izuba, bituma imirasire y'izuba iba amahitamo y'ingufu zihangana cyane.
Ibihugu byinshi n'uturere byinshi byashyizeho ingamba za politiki n'intego zo guteza imbere iterambere rya PV y'izuba. Ingamba nk'ibipimo ngenderwaho by'ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa, gahunda z'inkunga, n'inkunga y'imisoro ni byo bituma isoko ry'izuba rikura.
Ubushinwa ni bwo bunini ku isi ku isoko rya PV rikoresha imirasire y'izuba kandi bufite ubushobozi bwinshi bwo gukoresha PV ku isi. Abandi bakomeye ku isoko barimo Amerika, Ubuhinde, n'ibihugu by'i Burayi.
Isoko rya PV y'izuba ryitezweho gukomeza gukura mu gihe kizaza. Hamwe no kugabanuka kw'ibiciro, iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga no gushyigikirwa cyane na politiki, PV y'izuba izagira uruhare runini mu gutanga ingufu ku isi.
Guhuza PV y'izuba n'ikoranabuhanga ryo kubika ingufu, imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi n'ubundi bwoko bw'ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa bizatanga ibisubizo bihuriweho mu kugera ku hazaza h'ingufu zirambye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 21 Nyakanga-2023
