Guha imbaraga ejo hazaza: Ibikorwa bya EV byishyurwa Ibikorwa Remezo Hagati yubukungu

Mugihe ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi ku isi (EV) ryihuta-kugurisha 2024 kurenga miliyoni 17.1 hamwe n’ibiteganijwe kuri miliyoni 21 muri 2025 - icyifuzo gikomeyeIbikorwa remezo byo kwishyuzayageze ahirengeye. Nyamara, iri terambere ryagaragaye nyuma y’ihungabana ry’ubukungu, impagarara mu bucuruzi, no guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, bigahindura imiterere y’ipiganwa kurikwishyuza abatanga sitasiyo. 1. Gukura kw'isoko hamwe n'ibikorwa by'akarere Biteganijwe ko isoko ry’ibikoresho byo kwishyuza EV riziyongera kuri 26.8% CAGR, rikagera kuri miliyari 456.1 z'amadolari muri 2032, bitewe no kohereza amashanyarazi rusange hamwe n’ubushake bwa leta. Ubushishozi bwibanze bwakarere burimo:

• Amerika y'Amajyaruguru:Sitasiyo zirenga 207.000 zishyuza rusange muri 2025, zatewe inkunga na miliyari 5 z'amadorali yo gutera inkunga federasiyo hashingiwe ku itegeko rigenga ishoramari n'ibikorwa remezo (IIJA). Ariko, izamuka ry’ibiciro bya vuba aha mu gihe cya Trump (urugero, 84% ku bikoresho bya EV byo mu Bushinwa) bibangamira urunigi rwo gutanga no guhagarara neza.
• Uburayi:Kwibanda kuri 500.000 yumuriro rusange muri 2025, hibandwa kuriDC kwishyurwa vubakumihanda. Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi 60% by’ibikorwa by’imbere mu mishinga rusange bihatira abatanga ibicuruzwa mu mahanga guhitamo umusaruro.
• Aziya-Pasifika:Yiganjemo Ubushinwa, bufite 50% bya sitasiyo zishyuza isi. Amasoko akura nku Buhinde na Tayilande arimo gufata ingamba za EV zikaze, Tayilande ikaba ifite intego yo kuba ihuriro ry’inganda zo mu karere.

2. Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga risaba gutwara Amashanyarazi menshi (HPC) hamwe nubuyobozi bwingufu zubwenge zirahindura inganda:

• 800V Amahuriro:Ifashijwe nabakora amamodoka nka Porsche na BYD, kwishyuza ultra-yihuta (80% muminota 15) biragenda byinjira, bisaba amashanyarazi ya 150-350kW.
• Kwishyira hamwe kwa V2G:Sisitemu yo kwishyiriraho ibice byombi ituma EVs ihindura imiyoboro, ihuza izuba hamwe nububiko. Ibipimo bya NACS bya Tesla na GB / T mu Bushinwa birayobora imbaraga zo gukorana.
• Kwishyuza Wireless:Ikoranabuhanga rigenda ryiyongera rigenda ryiyongera ku mato y’ubucuruzi, kugabanya igihe cyo kugabanuka mu masoko y’ibikoresho.

3. Ibibazo byubukungu nibisubizo byingamba Inzitizi z’ubucuruzi n’igitutu cy’ibiciro:

• Ingaruka z'Ibiciro:Amahoro yo muri Amerika kubice bya EV byabashinwa (kugeza 84%) hamwe ninshingano z’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi bihatira ababikora gutandukanya iminyururu. Ibigo nkaBeiHai ImbaragaItsinda rishyiraho inganda ziteranya muri Mexico no mu majyepfo yuburasirazuba bwa Aziya kugirango zirengere imirimo.
• Kugabanya Ibiciro bya Batiri:Ibiciro bya batiri ya Litiyumu-ion yagabanutseho 20% muri 2024 igera kuri $ 115 / kWt, bigabanya ibiciro bya EV ariko bikazamura irushanwa ryibiciro mubatanga ibicuruzwa.

Amahirwe yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi mu bucuruzi:

• Gutanga-Ibirometero byanyuma:Imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi, biteganijwe ko ziziganje ku isoko rya miliyari 50 z'amadolari mu 2034, zisaba ububiko bwa DC bwihuta cyane.
• Inzira nyabagendwa:Imijyi nka Oslo (88.9% yo kwakirwa na EV) hamwe na manda ya zone zangiza-zeru (ZEZs) biratera ibyifuzo byumuyoboro mwinshi wo mumijyi.

4. Ingamba zifatika kubakinnyi binganda Kugira ngo utere imbere muri ibi bidukikije, abafatanyabikorwa bagomba gushyira imbere:

• Umusaruro waho:Gufatanya ninganda zo mukarere (urugero, Tesla's EU gigafactories) kubahiriza amategeko yibirimo no kugabanya ibiciro bya logistique.
• Guhuza byinshi-bisanzwe:Gutezimbere amashanyaraziCCS1, CCS2, GB / T, na NACSgukorera amasoko yisi yose.
• Imiyoboro ya Gride:Kwinjizamo imirasire y'izuba hamwe na software iringaniza imitwaro kugirango igabanye ingufu za gride.

Umuhanda Imbere Nubwo amakimbirane ya geopolitike hamwe n’ubukungu bwifashe nabi, urwego rwo kwishyuza EV rukomeje kuba urwego rw’inzibacyuho y’ingufu. Abasesenguzi berekana inzira ebyiri zikomeye muri 2025–2030:

• Amasoko avuka:Afurika na Amerika y'Epfo birerekana ubushobozi budakoreshwa, hamwe no kwiyongera kwa 25% buri mwaka mu kwakirwa na EV bisaba guhendwaAC hamwe nigisubizo cyo kwishyuza mobile.
• Politiki idashidikanywaho:Amatora yo muri Amerika n’imishyikirano y’ubucuruzi by’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi birashobora gusobanura imiterere y’ingoboka, bisaba ubuhanga bw’abakora ibicuruzwa.

UmwanzuroInganda zishyuza amashanyarazi zihagarara mu masangano: iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga n'intego zirambye zitera iterambere, mu gihe ibiciro n'ibipimo bitandukanijwe bisaba guhanga udushya. Ibigo byemera guhinduka, kwimenyekanisha, hamwe nibikorwa remezo byubwenge bizayobora kwishyuza ejo hazaza amashanyarazi.Kubisubizo byihariye kugirango uyobore iyi nyubako igenda ihinduka, [Twandikire] uyu munsi.