Sobanukirwa n'ubwoko bwa sitasiyo yo kwishyuza, bigufashe guhitamo ibikoresho bikoresha amashanyarazi bikwiranye nawe

Abstract: Kuvuguruzanya hagati y’umutungo w’isi, ibidukikije, ubwiyongere bw’abaturage n’iterambere ry’ubukungu biragenda birushaho gukomera, kandi ni ngombwa gushaka uburyo bushya bw’iterambere ry’imikoranire hagati y’umuntu na kamere mu gihe hubahirizwa iterambere ry’imibereho. Ibihugu byose byafashe ingamba zo guhindura imiterere y’inganda no kuzamura ingufu. Mu rwego rwo gushimangira kurwanya ihumana ry’ikirere no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ingufu, gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba z’iterambere ry’imijyi mike, no gushimangira igenamigambi n’imyubakire y’imijyiibikoresho byo kwishyuza amashanyarazi, ubuyobozi bujyanye, inkunga yimari nibisobanuro byubuyobozi bwubatswe byatanzwe nyuma yikindi. Iterambere ry’inganda zikoresha amashanyarazi nicyerekezo cyingenzi cyingamba nshya zigihugu zigihugu, kubaka byuzuyeibikoresho byo kwishyuzani intangiriro yo gushyira mubikorwa inganda zamashanyarazi inganda, kubakaibikoresho byo kwishyuzano guteza imbere ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi byuzuzanya, bitezimbere.

Imiterere yiterambere yo kwishyuza ibirundo murugo no mumahanga

Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryisoko ryimodoka nshya yingufu ku isi, ibisabwakwishyuza ibirundoyiyongereye kandi ku buryo bugaragara, kandi ibihugu byo ku isoko ry’isi byashyizeho politiki iboneye, kandi raporo nshya y’ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe ingufu (IEA) yerekana ko umubare w’ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi ku isi bizaba bitarenze 2030 Bizagera kuri miliyoni 125, n’umubare waevyashyizweho iziyongera. Kugeza ubu, amasoko nyamukuru y’imodoka nshya y’ingufu yibanze muri Amerika, Ubufaransa, Ubudage, Noruveje, Ubushinwa n’Ubuyapani, bishingiye ku bipimo bitatu:amashanyarazi amashanyarazi yishyuza ikirundo, uko isoko ryifashe nuburyo bwo gukora.

Kwishyuza ikirundo hamwe nubwoko

Kuri ubu, hari uburyo bubiri bwingenzi bwagutanga ingufu kubinyabiziga byamashanyarazi: kwishyiriraho uburyo bwo guhinduranya bateri. Ubu buryo bubiri bwageragejwe kandi bukoreshwa muburyo butandukanye kwisi, muribwo harimo ubushakashatsi nubushakashatsi bwinshi kuburyo bwo kwishyuza, kandi uburyo bwo gusimbuza bateri nabwo bwatangiye kwitabwaho mumyaka yashize. Uburyo bwo kwishyuza burimo ubwoko bubiri: kwishyuza bisanzwe nakwishyurwa vuba, n'ibikurikira bizasobanura muri make igitekerezo n'ubwoko bwo kwishyiriraho ibirundo muburyo bwo kwishyuza.

Uwitekasitasiyo yumuriro wamashanyaraziigizwe ahanini n'umubiri w'ikirundo,amashanyarazi yimodoka module, gupima module nibindi bice, hamwe nimirimo nko gupima ingufu z'amashanyarazi, kwishyuza, itumanaho, no kugenzura.

Kwishyuza ubwoko bwikirundo nibikorwa

Uwitekaikirundoyishyuza ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bijyanye nurwego rwa voltage zitandukanye. Ihame ryo kwishyuza ryayamashanyarazini uko nyuma yuko bateri isohotse, izanyura muri bateri hamwe numuyoboro utaziguye mu cyerekezo gitandukanye nu muyoboro usohora kugirango ugarure ubushobozi bwakazi, kandi iyi nzira yitwa kwishyuza bateri. Iyo bateri imaze kwishyurwa, pole nziza ya bateri ihujwe na pole nziza yumuriro w'amashanyarazi, kandi pole mbi ya batiri ihujwe na pole mbi yo gutanga amashanyarazi, kandi amashanyarazi yumuriro agomba kuba arenze imbaraga zose za electronique.Sitasiyo yumurirobigabanijwemoDC kwishyuza ibirundonaAmashanyarazi ya AC, DC kwishyuza ibirundobazwi cyane nka "kwishyuza byihuse", bihindura cyane cyane ingufu za AC binyuze mumashanyarazi ajyanye na electronics, gukosora, inverter, kuyungurura nibindi gutunganya, hanyuma amaherezo akabona umusaruro wa DC, bitanga imbaraga zihagije muburyo butaziguyekwishyuza bateri yimodoka, ibisohoka voltage hamwe nuburyo bugezweho ni binini, birashobora kugera kubisabwa byihuse,Sitasiyo ya ACbizwi cyane nka "gahoro gahoro" ni ugukoresha interineti isanzwe yo kwishyuza hamwe na gride ya AC ya gride, binyuze mumiyoboro ya charger yo mu ndege kugirango itange ingufu za AC kuri bateri yimodoka yibikoresho byamashanyarazi.