Sobanukirwa igitekerezo n'ubwoko bw'aho gusharija, bigufashe guhitamo igikoresho cyo gusharija cy'imodoka ikoresha amashanyarazi gikwiriye

Incamake: Itandukaniro riri hagati y’umutungo mpuzamahanga, ibidukikije, ubwiyongere bw’abaturage n’iterambere ry’ubukungu ririmo kwiyongera cyane, kandi ni ngombwa gushaka gushyiraho uburyo bushya bw’iterambere rihuriweho hagati y’umuntu n’ibidukikije mu gihe hakurikizwa iterambere ry’umuco w’ibintu. Ibihugu byose byafashe ingamba zo kuvugurura imiterere y’inganda no kunoza imikorere myiza y’ingufu. Mu rwego rwo gukomeza kugenzura ihumana ry’ikirere no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ingufu, gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zo guteza imbere imijyi zikoresha karubone nke, no gushimangira igenamigambi n’ubwubatsi bw’imijyi.ibikoresho byo gusharija imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, ubuyobozi bujyanye n'ibyo, inkunga y'imari n'ibipimo by'imicungire y'ubwubatsi byatanzwe kimwe ku kindi. Iterambere ry'inganda zikoresha amashanyarazi ni icyerekezo cy'ingenzi cy'ingamba nshya z'igihugu z'ingufu, kubaka uburyo butunganyeibikoresho byo gusharijani ishingiro ry'inganda zikoresha amashanyarazi, kubakaibikoresho byo gusharijan'iterambere ry'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi byuzuzanya, bikazamurana.

Uko imiyoboro yo kwishyuza ihagaze mu gihugu no mu mahanga

Bitewe n'iterambere ryihuse ry'isoko ry'ibinyabiziga bishya ku isi, icyifuzo cyaimirundo yo gusharijabyariyongereye cyane, kandi ibihugu biri ku isoko mpuzamahanga byashyizeho politiki zijyanye nabyo, kandi raporo nshya y’Ikigo Mpuzamahanga Gishinzwe Ingufu (IEA) igaragaza ko umubare w’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi ku isi uzaba ufitwe mu 2030. Uzagera kuri miliyoni 125 z’imodoka, kandi umubare wasitasiyo zo gusharija za evIshyirwaho riziyongera. Kuri ubu, amasoko y'ingenzi y'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu ari muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, mu Bufaransa, mu Budage, muri Noruveje, mu Bushinwa no mu Buyapani, hashingiwe ku ngero eshatu:gukwirakwiza ibyuma byo kwishyuza imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, imiterere y'isoko n'uburyo bw'imikorere.

Igitekerezo cyo gushyushya ikirundo n'ubwoko bwacyo

Muri iki gihe, hari uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi bwogutanga ingufu ku binyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi: uburyo bwo kwishyuza no guhinduranya batiri. Ubu buryo bubiri bwageragejwe kandi bukoreshwa ku rugero rutandukanye ku isi, muri bwo hari ubushakashatsi bwinshi n'igerageza ku buryo bwo kwishyuza, kandi uburyo bwo gusimbuza batiri nabwo bwatangiye kwitabwaho mu myaka ya vuba aha. Uburyo bwo kwishyuza bugizwe by'umwihariko n'ubwoko bubiri: gusharija bisanzwe nagusharija vuba, kandi ibi bikurikira bizasobanura muri make igitekerezo n'ubwoko bw'imirongo yo kwishyuza mu buryo bwo kwishyuza.

Itsindasitasiyo yo gusharija imodoka zikoresha amashanyaraziahanini igizwe n'umubiri w'ikirundo,module yo gusharija imodoka ikoresha amashanyarazi, module yo gupima n'ibindi bice, ifite imikorere nko gupima ingufu z'amashanyarazi, kwishyuza, itumanaho, no kugenzura.

Ubwoko bw'ikirundo cyo gushyushya n'imikorere yacyo

Itsindaikirundo cyo gusharijaikoresha amashanyarazi ajyanye nayo hakurikijwe urwego rw'amashanyarazi atandukanye. Ihame ryo gukoresha amashanyarazichargeur ya evNi uko nyuma yuko bateri imaze gusohoka, izanyura muri bateri ifite umuriro utaziguye mu cyerekezo gitandukanye n'umuyoboro usohoka kugira ngo yongere ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora, kandi iyi nzira yitwa charger ya bateri. Iyo bateri imaze gushyushwa, pole positive ya bateri ihuzwa n'umuyoboro mwiza w'amashanyarazi, naho pole positive ya bateri ihuzwa n'umuyoboro mubi w'amashanyarazi, kandi voltage y'amashanyarazi igomba kuba iri hejuru y'imbaraga zose za bateri.Sitasiyo zo gusharija amashanyarazibigabanyijemo ibice byinshiIbirundo byo gusharija bya DCnaIbikoresho byo gusharija AC, Ibirundo byo gusharija bya DCbizwi cyane nka "kwihutisha gusharija", bihindura ahanini ingufu za AC binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga rijyanye n'amashanyarazi, gukosora, inverter, kuyungurura n'ibindi bikorwa, hanyuma bikabona umusaruro wa DC, bigatanga ingufu zihagije zo guhitashyira umuriro kuri batiri y'imodoka ikoresha amashanyarazi, voltage isohoka n'uburyo bwo guhindura amashanyarazi ni binini, bishobora kugera ku bisabwa byo gusharija vuba,Sitasiyo yo gusharija ACizwi cyane nka "gutanga charge buhoro" ni ugukoresha uburyo busanzwe bwo gushyushya hamwe n'umurongo wa AC, binyuze mu gukwirakwiza charger mu modoka kugira ngo itange ingufu za AC kuri bateri y'imodoka y'amashanyarazi y'ibikoresho byo gushariza.