Uburyo Gukoresha Ingufu Zibiri Bihindura Imodoka Zikoresha Amashanyarazi Zigatanga Inyungu
Intangiriro: Impinduka mu Ingufu ku Isi
Biteganyijwe ko mu 2030, imodoka zo mu bwoko bwa EV ku isi zizarenga miliyoni 350, zigabika ingufu zihagije zo gukoresha ingufu mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi mu gihe cy’ukwezi. Hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga rya Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G), izi bateri ntizikiri umutungo udafite icyo zimaze ahubwo ni ibikoresho bihindura amasoko y’ingufu. Kuva ku kubona inyungu ku ba nyiri EV kugeza ku gushimangira imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi no kwihutisha ikoreshwa ry’ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa, V2G irimo kuvugurura uruhare rw’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi ku isi yose.
Akamaro ka V2G: Hindura amashanyarazi yawe mu buryo bwo kwinjiza amafaranga
Mu mizi yayo, V2G ituma ingufu zinyura mu cyerekezo cy’ibice bibiri hagati ya EV na grid. Iyo amashanyarazi akenewe cyane (urugero, nimugoroba) cyangwa ibiciro bizamuka, imodoka yawe iba isoko y’amashanyarazi, igasubiza ingufu kuri grid cyangwa mu rugo rwawe.
Impamvu abaguzi ku isi yose bakwiye kwitaho:
- Inyungu iva mu igenamigambi ry'ibiciroMu Bwongereza, igerageza rya V2G rya Octopus Energy ryemerera abakoresha kwinjiza £600 ku mwaka mu gihe cyo gukoresha interineti mu masaha atari ay'umuvuduko.
- Ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira grid: V2G isubiza mu masegonda make, irusha inganda zikora gaze kandi igafasha imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi gucunga ihindagurika ry'izuba n'umuyaga.
- Ubwigenge mu by'Ingufu: Koresha amashanyarazi yawe nk'isoko y'ingufu mu gihe habayeho ibura (V2H) cyangwa gukoresha ibikoresho mu gihe ugiye gutembera (V2L).
Impinduka ku Isi: Impamvu 2025 ari yo ntego ikomeye
1. Intambwe ya politiki
- Uburayi: Amasezerano y’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi agenga ibidukikije ategeka ibikorwa remezo byo kwishyuza V2G bitarenze umwaka wa 2025. Ikigo cy’Ubudage gishinzwe iterambere ry’ubukungu kirimo gushyira ahagaragara V2G 10.000Sitasiyo zo gusharija amashanyarazi.
- Amerika ya Ruguru: SB 233 yo muri California isaba ko imodoka nshya zose za EV zigomba gushyigikira gusharija ibyuma bibiri bitarenze umwaka wa 2027, mu gihe imishinga y'igerageza ya PG&E itanga$0.25/kWhku ngufu zisohoka.
- Aziya: Nissan na TEPCO zo mu Buyapani ziri kubaka imiyoboro mito ya V2G, kandi Koreya y'Epfo ifite intego yo gushyiramo imiyoboro ya V2G miliyoni imwe bitarenze umwaka wa 2030.
2. Ubufatanye mu nganda
- Abakora imodoka: Ford F-150 Lightning, Hyundai Ioniq 6, na Nissan Leaf bisanzwe bifasha V2G. Cybertruck ya Tesla izatuma habaho gusharija imodoka mu cyerekezo cy’ibice bibiri mu 2024.
- Imiyoboro yo Gusharija: Shyiraho icyuma gitanga umuriro ku rukuta, ABB, na Tritium ubu biratangaGutanga charger za DC zijyanye na CCShamwe n'imikorere ya V2G.
3. Udushya mu buryo bw'ubucuruzi
- Urubuga rw'Abateranyi: Amasosiyete mato nka Nuvve na Kaluza akusanya bateri za EV mu "inganda zitanga ingufu zidasanzwe", acuruza ingufu zibitswe mu masoko menshi.
- Ubuzima bwa bateri: Ubushakashatsi bwa MIT bwemeza ko uburyo bwa smart V2G bwo gutwara bateri bushobora kongera igihe cyo kubaho kwa bateri ho 10% mu kwirinda kohereza amazi menshi mu kirere.
Porogaramu: Kuva mu mazu kugera mu mijyi myiza
- Ubwisanzure mu by'ingufu mu miturire: Huza V2G n'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ku gisenge kugira ngo ugabanye fagitire z'amashanyarazi. Muri Arizona, sisitemu za V2H za SunPower zagabanyije ikiguzi cy'ingufu mu ngo ku kigero cya40%.
- Ubucuruzi n'Inganda: Inyubako za Walmart muri Texas zikoresha indege za V2G kugira ngo zigabanye ibiciro by'ubwinshi bw'indege, zigakiza$12,000 ku kwezikuri buri duka.
- Ingaruka ku gipimo cy'urusobe rw'amaziRaporo ya BloombergNEF yo mu 2023 ivuga ko V2G ishobora gutanga5% by'ibikenewe ku rwego rw'isi mu guhindura imiterere y'urusobe rw'amashanyarazibitarenze umwaka wa 2030, hasigaye miliyari 130 z'amadolari mu bikorwa remezo bya lisansi.
Kurwanya Inzitizi: Ni iki gikurikiraho kugira ngo habeho ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga ku isi yose?
1. Gupima charger ku buryo bunganaNubwo CCS ari yo yiganje mu Burayi/Amerika ya Ruguru, CHAdeMO yo mu Buyapani iracyari iya mbere mu gushyira mu bikorwa V2G. Amahame ngenderwaho ya CharIN ya ISO 15118-20 agamije guhuza protocole bitarenze umwaka wa 2025.
2. Kugabanya Ikiguzi: Ibyerekezo bibiriAho bashyira charger kuri DCubu igura inshuro 2-3 kurusha iziri mu cyerekezo kimwe, ariko ubukungu bushobora kugabanya ibiciro kimwe cya kabiri bitarenze umwaka wa 2026.
3. Imiterere y'amategeko agenga: Itegeko rya FERC 2222 muri Amerika n'amabwiriza ya RED III y'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi biri gutegura inzira yo kwitabira isoko ry'ingufu rya V2G.
Inzira Imbere: Shyira Ubucuruzi Bwawe mu Iterambere rya V2G
Biteganyijwe ko mu 2030, isoko rya V2G rizaba rigeze kuMiliyari 18.3 z'amadolari, biyobowe na:
- Abakora mu ndege z'amashanyarazi: Ibigo bikomeye by’ibijyanye n’ibikoresho nka Amazon na DHL biri kuvugurura imodoka zitwara abantu kuri V2G kugira ngo bigabanye ikiguzi cy’ingufu.
- Ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga: EDF na NextEra Energy baratanga inkunga ku bijyanye na V2Gcharger zo mu rugo.
- Abahanga mu ikoranabuhanga: Porogaramu zikoresha ubuhanga bwa AI nka Moixa zinoza imikorere yo gusharija/gusohora amashanyarazi kugira ngo zigere ku nyungu ntarengwa.
Umwanzuro: Ntugatware imodoka yawe ya EV gusa—uyikoreshereze amafaranga
V2G ihindura amashanyarazi ava ku bigo bitanga ikiguzi akayashyira mu nyungu, mu gihe yihutisha impinduka mu bijyanye n'ingufu zisukuye. Ku bigo, gukoresha neza bivuze kugira imigabane ku isoko ry'ingufu ringana na tiriyari 1.2 z'amadolari. Ku bakoresha, ni ukugenzura ikiguzi cy'ingufu no kuzigama.
Fata ingamba ubu ngubu:
- Ubucuruzi: Fatanya naAbakora charger za V2G(urugero, Wallbox, Delta) no gusuzuma gahunda zo gushishikariza abaturage gukoresha neza serivisi.
- Abaguzi: Hitamo imodoka zo mu bwoko bwa V2G ziteguye (urugero, Ford F-150 Lightning, Hyundai Ioniq 5) hanyuma wiyandikishe muri gahunda zo gusangira ingufu nka Powerloop ya Octopus Energy.
Ahazaza h'ingufu si amashanyarazi gusa—ni mu cyerekezo kibiri.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-04-2025
