Inverter y'amashanyarazi ikoresha photovoltaic idakoresha grid

Intangiriro y'ibicuruzwa
Inverter ya PV idakoresha amashanyarazi ni igikoresho gihindura ingufu gisunika-gikurura cyongera ingufu za DC hanyuma kikayihinduramo ingufu za AC za 220V binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga rya inverter bridge SPWM sinusoidal pulse width modulation.
Kimwe n’ibyuma bihindura amashanyarazi bihujwe n’urukuta, ibikoresho bihindura amashanyarazi bya PV bidakoresha amashanyarazi bisaba imikorere myiza, ubwizerwe bwinshi, hamwe n’urusobe rwinshi rwa voltage y’amashanyarazi ya DC; muri sisitemu z’amashanyarazi za PV zifite ubushobozi buciriritse n’ubunini, umusaruro wa inverter ugomba kuba umuraba wa sinusoidal ufite ubwihindurize buke.

Imikorere n'Ibiranga
1. Microcontroller ya 16-bit cyangwa microprocessor ya 32-bit DSP ikoreshwa mu kugenzura.
Uburyo bwo kugenzura bwa 2．PWM, butuma imikorere irushaho kuba myiza.
3． Koresha digitale cyangwa LCD kugira ngo werekane ibipimo bitandukanye by'imikorere, kandi ushobora gushyiraho ibipimo bireba.
4. Umuraba wa kare, umuraba wahinduwe, umuraba wa sine. Umuraba wa sine, umuraba wa wave fracture ni munsi ya 5%.
5. Uburinganire bwo gushimangira ingufu z'amashanyarazi menshi, umutwaro urenze urugero, uburinganire bw'umusaruro muri rusange buri munsi ya 3%.
6. Gutangira buhoro buhoro kugira ngo wirinde ingaruka nyinshi ku bateri no ku mutwaro.
7. Gutandukanya transformer ifite frequency nyinshi, ingano nto n'uburemere bworoheje.
8. Ifite uburyo bwo gutumanaho busanzwe bwa RS232/485, bworoshye gukoreshwa mu kugenzura itumanaho riri kure.
9. Ishobora gukoreshwa ahantu hari hejuru ya metero 5500 uvuye ku nyanja.
10. Hamwe n'uburinzi bwo guhuza inyuma, uburinzi bwo kudakoresha ingufu z'amashanyarazi, uburinzi bwo kudakoresha ingufu z'amashanyarazi, uburinzi bwo kudakoresha ingufu z'amashanyarazi, uburinzi bwo kudakoresha ingufu z'amashanyarazi, uburinzi bwo kudakoresha ingufu z'amashanyarazi, uburinzi bwo gusohora ibintu byinshi, uburinzi bwo gusohora ibintu biremereye, uburinzi bwo gushyuha cyane n'izindi nshingano zo kurinda.

Ibipimo by'ingenzi bya tekiniki bya inverters zidafite grid
Mu guhitamo inverter idakoresha amashanyarazi, uretse kwita ku miterere y’umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi n’ubwoko bw’itandukaniro ry’amashanyarazi, hari ibipimo byinshi bya tekiniki nabyo by’ingenzi cyane, nka voltage ya sisitemu, ingufu zo gusohora, ingufu zo hejuru, imikorere myiza yo guhindura, igihe cyo guhindura, nibindi. Guhitamo ibi bipimo bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku ikenerwa ry’amashanyarazi mu mutwaro.
1) Ingufu z'amashanyarazi za sisitemu:
Ni voltage ya bateri. Voltage yinjiye ya inverter idafite grid n'voltage y'isohoka ya controller ni imwe, bityo mu gihe ushushanya kandi uhitamo moderi, witondere kugumana na controller.
2) Ingufu zo gusohora:
Ingufu zisohoka za inverter zidafite gridi zifite ubwoko bubiri, bumwe ni uburyo bwo kugaragaza imbaraga zigaragara, igice ni VA, iki ni ikimenyetso cya UPS, ingufu zisohoka zigomba no gukuba imbaraga, nka 500VA off-grid inverter, ingufu ni 0.8, ingufu zisohoka zidafite gridi ni 400W, ni ukuvuga zishobora gutwara 400W resistive load, nk'amatara y'amashanyarazi, induction cooker, nibindi; icya kabiri ni uburyo bwo kugaragaza imbaraga zidafite gridi, igice ni W, nka 5000W off-grid inverter, ingufu zisohoka zidafite gridi ni 5000W.
3) Ingufu zo hejuru:
Muri sisitemu ya PV idafite gridi, modules, bateri, inverters, imizigo bigize sisitemu y'amashanyarazi, ingufu z'umusaruro wa inverter, zigenwa n'umutwaro, imizigo imwe n'imwe ikoreshwa mu gukurura, nka conditioners, pompes, nibindi, moteri iri imbere, imbaraga zo gutangira ni inshuro 3-5 z'imbaraga zigenwa, bityo inverter idafite gridi ifite ibisabwa byihariye byo kurenza urugero. Ingufu nyinshi ni ubushobozi bw'umutwaro wa inverter idafite gridi.
Inverter itanga ingufu zo gutangira umutwaro, igice kimwe kiva kuri bateri cyangwa module ya PV, kandi ibirenzeho bitangwa n'ibice byo kubika ingufu biri muri inverter - capacitors na inductors. Capacitors na inductors byombi ni ibice byo kubika ingufu, ariko itandukaniro ni uko capacitors zibika ingufu z'amashanyarazi mu buryo bw'umurima w'amashanyarazi, kandi uko capacitor ingana, niko ishobora kubika imbaraga nyinshi. Ku rundi ruhande, inductors zibika ingufu mu buryo bw'umurima w'amashanyarazi. Uko ingufu za rukuruzi z'umurima w'amashanyarazi ziyongera, niko inductance iba nyinshi, kandi niko ingufu zishobora kubikwa ari nyinshi.
4) Uburyo bwo guhindura ibintu neza:
Uburyo bwo guhindura sisitemu hanze ya grid bugizwe n'ibintu bibiri, kimwe ni uburyo imashini ubwayo ikora neza, uburyo imashini ikoresha inverter hanze ya grid bugoye, kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu byiciro byinshi, bityo ubushobozi rusange buri hasi gato ugereranije n'uburyo ikoresha inverter ikoresha grid, muri rusange hagati ya 80-90%, uko imbaraga z'imashini ikoresha inverter zirushaho kuba nyinshi, uburyo bwo kwitandukanya inshuro nyinshi kurusha uburyo bwo kwitandukanya inshuro nyinshi burushaho kuba bwinshi, uburyo ingufu z'amashanyarazi nazo zirushaho kuba nyinshi. Icya kabiri, uburyo bwo gusharija no gusohora batiri, ubu ni bwo bwoko bwa batiri bufite isano, iyo imashini ikoresha amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic n'uburyo ihuza ingufu z'umutwaro, photovoltaic ishobora gutanga umutwaro wo gukoresha, nta mpamvu yo kunyura mu guhindura batiri.
5) Igihe cyo guhindura:
Sisitemu idakoresha amashanyarazi irimo umutwaro, hari uburyo butatu bwa PV, bateri, utility, iyo ingufu za bateri zidahagije, hindura ukoreshe uburyo bw'amashanyarazi, hari igihe cyo guhindura, zimwe muri inverters zidakoresha ikoranabuhanga zikoresha switch switch, igihe kiri mu masegonda 10, mudasobwa zo kuri mudasobwa ntizizima, amatara ntazimira. Zimwe muri inverters zidakoresha grid switching zikoresha relay switching, igihe gishobora kuba kirenga milisegonda 20, kandi mudasobwa yo kuri mudasobwa ishobora kuzimira cyangwa kongera kuyifungura.