Ihame ryo kubyara ingufu z'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ni ikoranabuhanga rihindura mu buryo butaziguye ingufu z'umucyo mu mbaraga z'amashanyarazi ukoresheje ingaruka zifotora ya interineti ya semiconductor.Ibyingenzi byingenzi byikoranabuhanga ni selile yizuba.Imirasire y'izuba irapakirwa kandi ikarindwa muburyo bukurikira kugirango habeho igice kinini cyumubumbe wizuba hanyuma ugahuzwa numugenzuzi wamashanyarazi cyangwa nkibyo kugirango ukore ibikoresho bitanga amashanyarazi.Inzira yose yitwa sisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi.Sisitemu yo kubyara ingufu za Photovoltaque igizwe nimirasire yizuba, paki ya batiri, kwishyuza no gusohora ibintu, inverteri yizuba yizuba, udusanduku twa kombineri nibindi bikoresho.
Kuki ukoresha inverter muri sisitemu yo kubyara ingufu z'izuba?
Inverter ni igikoresho gihindura imiyoboro itaziguye ihindagurika.Imirasire y'izuba izabyara ingufu za DC mumirasire y'izuba, kandi ingufu za DC zibitswe muri bateri nazo ni imbaraga za DC.Nyamara, sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi ya DC ifite aho igarukira.Imizigo ya AC nk'amatara ya fluorescent, TV, firigo, hamwe nabafana b'amashanyarazi mubuzima bwa buri munsi ntibishobora gukoreshwa nimbaraga za DC.Kugirango ingufu za Photovoltaque zikoreshwe cyane mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi, inverter zishobora guhindura imiyoboro itaziguye ihindagurika ningirakamaro.
Nkigice cyingenzi cyingufu zamashanyarazi, inverter ya fotovoltaque ikoreshwa cyane cyane muguhindura amashanyarazi ataziguye yakozwe na moderi ya fotokoltaque ihinduranya amashanyarazi.Inverter ntabwo ifite imikorere yo guhindura DC-AC gusa, ahubwo ifite n'umurimo wo kugabanya imikorere yimirasire yizuba hamwe numurimo wo kurinda amakosa ya sisitemu.Ibikurikira nintangiriro ngufi kubikorwa byikora no guhagarika imikorere ya fotovoltaque inverter hamwe nigikorwa kinini cyo kugenzura ingufu.
1. Igikorwa ntarengwa cyo kugenzura imbaraga
Ibisohoka mumirasire y'izuba bigenda bitandukana hamwe nuburemere bwimirasire yizuba hamwe nubushyuhe bwa module yizuba ubwayo (ubushyuhe bwa chip).Mubyongeyeho, kubera ko izuba ryizuba module ifite ibiranga ko voltage igabanuka uko ikigezweho cyiyongera, hari ahantu heza ho gukorera hashobora kuboneka ingufu ntarengwa.Imbaraga z'imirasire y'izuba zirahinduka, kandi biragaragara ko ahantu heza ho gukorera hanahinduka.Ugereranije nizo mpinduka, aho ikorera izuba ryumubumbe wizuba rihora kumurongo ntarengwa, kandi sisitemu ihora ibona ingufu zituruka kumirasire y'izuba.Igenzura nubushobozi ntarengwa bwo gukurikirana imbaraga.Ikintu kinini kiranga inverters kuri sisitemu yizuba ni uko zirimo imikorere yumuriro ntarengwa wo gukurikirana (MPPT).
2. Gukora byikora no guhagarika imikorere
Nyuma yuko izuba rirashe mugitondo, ubukana bwimirasire yizuba bwiyongera buhoro buhoro, kandi umusaruro wizuba nawo uriyongera.Iyo imbaraga zisohoka zisabwa na inverter zigeze, inverter itangira gukora byikora.Nyuma yo kwinjira mubikorwa, inverter izagenzura ibisohoka mumirasire y'izuba igihe cyose.Igihe cyose ibisohoka ingufu za selile yizuba iruta imbaraga zisohoka zisabwa kugirango inverter ikore, inverter izakomeza gukora;bizahagarara kugeza izuba rirenze, kabone niyo byaba ari ibicu n'imvura.Inverter irashobora kandi gukora.Iyo ibisohoka byizuba rya selile module biba bito kandi ibisohoka muri inverter bigera kuri 0, inverter izakora leta ihagaze.
Usibye ibikorwa bibiri byasobanuwe haruguru, inverter ya Photovoltaque nayo ifite umurimo wo gukumira ibikorwa byigenga (kuri sisitemu ihuza imiyoboro), imikorere yo guhinduranya amashanyarazi mu buryo bwikora (kuri sisitemu ihuza imiyoboro), imikorere ya DC (kuri sisitemu ihuza gride) , na DC ibikorwa byo gutahura imikorere (kuri sisitemu ihuza sisitemu) nibindi bikorwa.Muri sisitemu yo kubyara ingufu z'izuba, imikorere ya inverter nikintu cyingenzi kigena ubushobozi bwimirasire yizuba nubushobozi bwa bateri.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-01-2023
